The Evolution of FPIES: From a Diagnosis That Did Not Exist to a Condition in Need of Answers

Abstract Objective While food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) was first described approximately 50 years ago, and research is increasing, there are still significant unmet needs in FPIES. This article catalogs areas of progress and areas for further research. Data sources Through our personal experiences caring for patients with FPIES, our personal research, and review of the existing FPIES literature as indexed in PubMed, we explored what is known and what is needed in FPIES. Study Selections These studies have improved knowledge of FPIES, defined phenotypes, allowed for better informed management of FPIES, and laid the groundwork for further research. Results Further research is needed in the areas of prevalence, natural history, trigger foods, threshold doses, how and when to perform oral food challenges, and immunopathogenesis of this disorder. Development of a biomarker and determination of the best method to treat reactions is also needed. Furthermore, FPIES has a substantial psychosocial and economic impact on families and more research is needed into developing and implementing ameliorating strategies. Conclusions By partnering together, healthcare providers, advocacy organizations and families can continue to advance our understanding and improve care of patients and families living with FPIES.