Accelerated Environmental Chambers and Testing of PV Modules

Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) modules are unique electrotechnical products. They must be exposed to sunlight to function, and shielding them from other elements of the weather detractsfrom their primary purpose. Nearly all other electronic devices are designed to keep out humidity and survive heat by performing their primary function within an enclosure, and durability testing of these products reflects this focus. Environmental testing focuses on these factors, and many associate the term “environmental chamber” with devices that control temperature and humidity. These testing devices are designed and built with varying capabilities to control hot and cold extremes and cycle between conditions. This chapter will discuss the chambers used for environmental testing of PV modules and their components. The focus will be on describing the technology behind the environmental stress tests used by the industry. Special consideration will be given to standard weathering chambers due to their recent adoption by IEC TC82 in its module qualification regime. Perhaps a better understanding of the tools will improve how test methods are both conceived and carried out.