Prevalencias y factores asociados con el uso de métodos anticonceptivos modernos en adolescentes, 2012 y 2018

Objective. To analyze the prevalence of modern contra­ceptive methods (CM) use in adolescents aged 12 to 19 years in 2012 and 2018-19, and the factors associated with the consistent use of modern CM. Materials and methods. We used information of the Health and Nutrition National Surveys 2012 and 2018-2019. The outcome variables were use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC); dual pro­tection and consistent use of CM. We estimated prevalence by sex and adjusted logistic models with consistent use in the first and last sexual relationship as dependent variables. Results. The prevalence LARC use in the last intercourse in adolescents increased between surveys (8.1%;11.9% and 0.9%;2.3%); dual contraception decreased in the case of men (5.6 vs. 3.6%). Being older (OR=7; 95%CI 1.1.43.3); not having been pregnant and attending school (OR=2.8; 95%CI 1.1.7.4) increase the likelihood of consistent use among women; in men, attending school increases the likelihood (OR=2.13;95%CI 1.4.3.2), while being married/cohabiting, having had an early sexual initiation and having smoked more than 100 cigarettes reduces it. Conclusion. It is necessary to promote access and consistent use of MC, based on respect for sexual and reproductive rights.