Targeted Cellular Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 with RNA Aptamer-Cationic Liposome As A Potential Therapy For Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the sixth deadliest cancer worldwide due to its metastatic ability, rendering conventional treatment futile. Editing of target oncogenes with the help of CRISPR/Cas9 is gaining recognition as promising treatment modality. However, implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 in clinical setting remains difficult due to challenges in delivery to target tissue. Therefore, this literature review focuses on exploring nanocarrier suitable for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery. The method used to assemble this literature review is by performing a comprehensive literature search with corresponding keywords. Results shows that targeted delivery system of CRISPR/Cas9 using cationic liposome conjugated with RNA aptamer is an excellent candidate. Modification of cationic liposome, a well-established nanocarrier, with PEG and RNA aptamer as targeting ligand increases specificity, efficiency, stability, and circulation time in bloodstream. However, further research is still needed to confirm these findings for future implementation of this technology as prostate cancer therapy. Keywords: Aptamer, Cancer, CRISPR/Cas9, Liposome, Prostate.