Probiotics and Prebiotics: Techniques Used and Its Relevance

Modernism in older techniques has led to expansion in modern strategies for studying probiotics and prebiotics. These strategies reduce the difficulties in identifying the unknown species and manipulations of the rumen microbial ecosystem. These high-throughput techniques can quickly achieve maternal links of fetus; it can help in knowing the density and amount of bacteria throughout the neonatal gut. Advances in “omics” have led this to new levels, where the relationships between food supplements and gut microflora can be known easily. Further, knowing these inter-linkages can act as a mediator in applying modern techniques such as encapsulation, immobilization, etc. In this chapter, all these techniques, including in vivo and in vitro strategies have been discussed in detail along with the modern strategy including modeling and other omics techniques for better understanding of both prebiotics and probiotics. Moreover, knowing these techniques in detail can help in improving the efficiency and efficacy of both of these.