Les anticorps anti-spermatozoïdes chez l’homme : de la physiopathologie à la thérapeutique

Summary Immunoinfertility is an important problem, involving a significant number of infertile men. According to the literature many factors can induce the development of antisperm antibodies (ASA) in the male serum of genital fluids such as genital trauma, history of genital infections, varicoceles and vasectomy. Antisperm antibodies can impair the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa by decreasing the semen parameters, mucus penetration and by inhibiting sperm–oocyte interaction. Moreover, ASA may have a deleterious effect on embryo development and implantation. Various methods have been proposed to reduce ASA production and to treat this class of infertility. In the present review, we note the different physiopathological mechanisms responsible for the production of ASA in humans, various detection techniques ASA, their involvement in the couple's infertility and the different therapeutic methods to propose in the case of the immune infertility.