Prevalence of overactive bladder in Asian men: an epidemiological survey

OBJECTIVE To study the epidemiology of overactive bladder (OAB) and the influence of demographic factors on its incidence in Asian men. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A survey based on a self-administered questionnaire (locally translated in participating countries) was conducted between March 1998 and May 1998 to quantify the prevalence of OAB in a random sample of men (2369, aged 18–70+ years) visiting other than urology clinics in 26 centres in 11 Asian countries. The questionnaire was divided into two parts, i.e. social and demographic factors, and OAB symptoms. For OAB the questionnaire primarily focused on symptoms, degree of bother and treatment measures. The degree of bother was quantified by classifying it as mild, moderate and severe. The statistical relationship between demographics and OAB was assessed using the chi-square independent test. RESULTS The prevalence of OAB was 29.9% (709 men); OAB was more common in professional workers (43%), the high-income group (26%, income of > US$ 800) and urban dwellers (64%). With increasing age the incidence of OAB increased, i.e. the prevalence was 53% in men aged > 70 years; the family history and type of toilets used had some relationship with OAB. Frequency (37%), urgency (34%), and frequency and urgency (10%) were the most common symptoms of OAB. Urge incontinence symptoms were reported by 13%. Some degree of bother was recorded in 32% of those with OAB, of whom only 5.9% received treatment for their OAB, with general practitioners and specialists being preferred equally. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of OAB in Asian men is high and more common in older patients. The treatment rate for the symptoms was much lower than in western countries, suggesting a need for better education of patients and more research for effectively managing the OAB.