Combined Extraperitoneal and Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Extended Partial Cystectomy for the Treatment of Urachal Carcinoma

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the application of laparoscopic extended partial cystectomy (PC) and bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) for the treatment of urachal carcinomas (UrCs). Methods: Combined laparoscopic extended PC and bilateral extended PLND was performed in 16 cases with UrCs in our hospital between April 2009 and December 2012. The surgical procedure included the dilation of the extraperitoneal space, circumscription of the umbilicus, dissection from the umbilicus caudad to the dome of the bladder, excision of the tumor, and the suture of the bladder. The average age of the patients was 52.8 years (35–73 years). The average tumor size was 3.2 cm (1.5–5.6 cm). A median follow-up period of 36 months was obtained to evaluate patient survival and recrudescence. Results: All 16 procedures were completed laparoscopically without open conversion. The median operation time was 85 minutes (65–125 minutes), with a median estimated blood loss of 50 mL (30–110 mL). The median hospital...