Variations of the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)

This chapter includes (1) The retropharyngeal course of the ICA, Kissing carotid, (2) Coiling (Tonsillar loop) of the cervical ICA, (3) Aberrant course of the petrous segment of the ICA (4) Duplication of the ICA, (5) Six types of agenesis and hypoplasia of the ICA, (6) ICA fenestration, and (7) Dolichoectasia of the distal ICA. There are 26 figures and 1 illustration.