Volumetric Analysis of the Pterygopalatine Fossa by Semiautomatic Segmentation of Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

The aim of this study was to provide volumetric data of the pterygopalatine fossa by semiautomatic segmentation based upon cone beam computed tomography.Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 100 patients were analyzed. By using the open source software "ITK-Snap," the volumetric measurements of 200 pterygopalatine fossae were performed. For statistical investigations paired t test, and independent Student t test were performed. Also, the Pearsons chi-square test was applied. P values P 0.05), although males present a slightly larger volume than females. According to the median age (59 years), younger patients presented smaller volumes, whereas older patients presented larger volumes. Nevertheless, no statistically significant differences according to age (chi = 3.520; P > 0.05) could be found.Clinical intervention with the application of local anesthetics into the complex and vulnerable anatomy of the pterygopalatine fossa makes a thorough knowledge about the volumetric capacity indispensable. Therefore, the semiautomatic segmentation of CBCT images provides a useful, available and validated tool. Our results show that a final injected anesthetic volume larger than 1 ml exceeds the pterygopalatine fossa capacity considerably and could cause complications. To prevent this, volumetric analysis of this region can provide further information and enables an individualized patients' treatment.