Intersection Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease.

The incidence of chronic kidney disease is increasing worldwide, and the previously decreasing incidence of cardiovascular disease has now plateaued. Understanding the intersection of both heart and kidney disease is crucial. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease share common risk factors and specific pathogenic mechanisms and impact a significant segment of the population. Patients with chronic kidney disease are more likely to have cardiovascular disease than progress to end-stage kidney disease requiring renal replacement therapy. We discuss shared risk factors and mechanisms for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. The following also addresses contemporary cardiovascular treatment considerations in patients with chronic kidney disease with a focus on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure.