Emerging infectious diseases and new vaccine technologies

Since the beginning of this century, diverse infectious diseases that threaten human health and social stability have outbroken, such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, severe respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus infection, Middle East respiratory syndrome, COVID-19, and Zika viral disease For the emerging pathogens that have not been characterized, especially viral pathogens with high mutation rate, wide range of host and strong transmission ability, it is impossible to make an effective prediction of the outbreak by now At present, there is no specific antiviral drug for the infection of these viruses mentioned above, so vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for preventing and controlling the epidemic This review aims at providing an overview of the characteristics of Ebola virus, coronavirus, Zika virus, and the research progress of nucleic acid-based (DNA and mRNA) vaccines and viral vector vaccines to combat the infection of these viruses