Interstitial Laser Occlusion of the Systemic Feeding Vessel in a Hybrid Lung Lesion: Technique, Clinical Course, Perinatal Outcome and a Review of Literature

The two most common fetal lung lesions include Bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) and Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM).Their co-existence is known as a hybrid lesion. Fetal hydrops in such cases is associated with very high morbidity and mortality. Several fetal interventions have been recommended over the past years to treat the same, with varying success rates. We describe a case of a hybrid CPAM complicated by hydrops which was successfully treated by interstitial laser coagulation of the systemic feeder artery. We also review current literature on the available interventions and conclude that interstitial laser has emerged as the preferred modality of treatment over the years.