Ebstein’s Disease

Ebstein’s disease is a congenital cardiac anomaly that occurs with an incidence of approximately 1–5 in every 20,000 live newborns, therefore representing 1% of congenital cardiac defects. It is the most common etiology for congenital tricuspid regurgitation in the neonatal period as well as later in life. The etiology of Ebstein’s anomaly is unknown, however, a number of environmental factors have been implicated, namely maternal exposure to varnishing substances and maternal use of benzodiazepines and lithium ingestion during the first trimester of pregnancy.