After Elective Sigmoid Colectomy for Diverticulitis, Does Recurrence-Free Mean Symptom-Free?

After elective sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis, patients may experience persistent abdominal symptoms. This study aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of persistent symptoms (PSs) and their risk factors in patients who had no reported recurrence after elective sigmoidectomy. Patients who underwent elective sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis from 2002 to 2016 at a tertiary academic colorectal surgery practice were included. After retrospective review of medical records, patients were contacted with a questionnaire to inquire about recurrence of diverticulitis and persistent abdominal symptoms since resection. Outcomes examined were prevalence of and risk factors for PSs after elective sigmoidectomy. Of 662 included patients, 346 completed the questionnaire and had no recurrent diverticulitis. PSs were reported by 43.9 per cent of the patients. The mean follow-up was 87 months. Female gender and preoperative diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome were independent risk factors for PSs (Relative Risk 1.65, P < 0.001 and Relative Risk 1.41, P = 0.014). Previous IV antibiotics treatment was associated with PSs (P = 0.034) but not with a significant risk factor. As the follow-up interval increased, prevalence of PSs decreased (P = 0.006). More than 40 per cent of patients experienced persistent abdominal symptoms after sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis. Female patients and those with irritable bowel syndrome were at significantly increased risk.