Commentary on Treatment of Large Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: The Potential Role of Neo-Adjuvant Intravesical Chemotherapy

When first diagnosed, bladder tumors are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) in approximately 75% of cases. However, while maintaining their non-invasive features, the tumors may grow unnoticed and without symptoms until they reach a large size. These large intraluminal masses on first presentation raise some diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. They may not have any invasive features on imaging, and histopathology is often inconclusive. Most of these large bladder cancers pose a significant risk for tumor recurrence and progression.