Psychometric properties of a newly established flow state questionnaire
2014
In the last decades several measuring methods have been established for studying flow experience. The
starting point for the establishment of the Flow State Questionnaire (PPL-FSQ: Flow State Questionnaire of
the Positive Psychology Lab) was Csikszentmihalyi’s phenomenological definition. There is no consensus
about the basic factors of flow experience, so the goal was to develop a questionnaire which is based on
theoretical principles and empirical results also. The first version of the PPL-FSQ had 40 items. In order to
test this questionnaire a study was conducted with 214 participants. Exploratory post hoc analysis and factor
analysis were performed and had a result of a two-factor model of 16 items. The questionnaire was improved
by item-imputation, so the second version of the survey consisted of 23 items. Then the instrument was tested
through several studies (N = 260) and the latent structure of the questionnaire was examined. The exploratory
factor analysis resulted in a two-factor model of 20 items. The balance between challenges and skills (11
items) and Absorption in the activity (9 items) factors. Identifying these two factors strengthens the
theoretical hypothesis that the basic dimensions of flow experience are the balance between challenges and
skills, as well as absorption in the task.
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