Meta-analysis of risk factors for Chinese adult urinary lithiasis

Objective To analyze the relevant risk factors for Chinese adult urinary lithiasis. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database, China Knowledge Network (CNKI) database, Wanfang database by computer. The search was set for all case-control studies on urinary lithiasis with Chinese patients. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted literature data, and evaluated the quality of the literature. The software Revman 5.3 was used to perform meta-analysis in this study. Results A total of 25 studies in this study were case-control studies, with a total of 8 524 cases of urinary lithiasis and 42 239 cases of non-urinary lithiasis . A total of 9 risk factors of urinary lithiasis were screened: low intake of water [OR=2.64(95%CI 2.00-3.48), P<0.001], overweight [OR=2.36(95%CI 1.31-4.23), P=0.004], tobacco consumption[ OR=2.10(95%CI 1.26-3.48), P=0.004], high salt diet [OR=1.88(95%CI 1.21-2.91), P=0.005], alcohol consumption [OR=1.85(95%CI 1.57-2.17), P<0.001], low vegetable consumption [OR=1.64(95%CI 1.05-2.54), P=0.03]、high protein diet [OR=1.49(95%CI 1.23-1.82), P<0.001], low fruit consumption [OR=1.39(95%CI 1.26-1.53), P<0.001] and tea consumption [OR=1.23(95%CI 1.10-1.37), P<0.001]. Conclusions Low intake of water, overweight, tobacco consumption, high salt diet, alcohol consumption, low vegetable consumption, high protein diet, low fruit consumption and tea consumption could be the risk factors for chinese adult urinary lithiasis. Key words: Urolithiasis; Risk factors; China; Meta-analysis