Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome involving the central nervous system in a patient with HIV infection: a case report and review of literature.

Combined active antiretroviral therapy (cART) remains the cornerstone of treatment of HIV infection. However, it has introduced a new spectrum of complications, which may affect the outcomes (Shelburne et al., 2002; Mocroft et al., 2003). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs in a subset of HIV+ patients following initiation of cART. It is characterized by paradoxical worsening of patient’s clinical condition attributable to recovery of the immune system following introduction of cART (Shelburne et