Gender role stereotypes, patriarchal mindset, and cognitive function in the elderly rural population: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives We analyzed whether gender role stereotypes (GRS) and patriarchal mindset are associated with cognitive function in an elderly community population. Methods We utilized data from 580 people enrolled in the Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project. GRS and patriarchal mindset were measured using a questionnaire. We divided GRS and patriarchal mindset into two groups following their median levels: a conservative mindset and an open mindset. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Korean version (MMSE-K). Cognitive impairment was defined as MMSE-K ≤21 points. A multivariable logistic regression was performed, adjusting for sex, age, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, and social network size. Age and lifestyle factors were stratified. Results Compared with open-minded people, those with a more conservative mind regarding gender roles and higher adherence to a patriarchal mindset had adjusted odds ratios of 1.88 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1. 11-3.19) and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.00-2.79) for cognitive impairment, respectively. In the stratified analysis, subgroups with a younger age and good lifestyle maintained a protective association with cognitive impairment. Conclusion GRS and patriarchal mindset were marginally significantly associated with cognitive impairment among women in later life.