First-attempt intubation success and complications in patients with COVID-19 undergoing emergency intubation

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the first-attempt success rates and complications of endotracheal intubation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients by emergency physicians Methods This prospective observational study was conducted from March 24, 2020 through May 28, 2020 at the emergency department (ED) of an urban, academic trauma center We enrolled patients consecutively admitted to the ED with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 submitted to endotracheal intubation No patients were excluded The primary outcome was first-attempt intubation success, defined as successful endotracheal tube placement with the first device passed (endotracheal tube) during the first laryngoscope insertion confirmed with capnography Secondary outcomes included the following complications: hypotension, hypoxemia, aspiration, and esophageal intubation Results A total of 112 patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 were enrolled Median age was 61 years and 61 patients (54%) were men The primary outcome, first-attempt intubation success, was achieved in 82% of patients Among the 20 patients who were not intubated on the first attempt, 75% were intubated on the second attempt and 20% on the third attempt;cricothyrotomy was performed in 1 patient Forty-eight (42%) patients were hypotensive and required norepinephrine immediately post-intubation Fifty-eight (52%) experienced peri-intubation hypoxemia, and 2 patients (2%) had cardiac arrest There were no cases of failed intubation resulting in death up to 24 hours after the procedure Conclusion Emergency physicians achieve high success rates when intubating COVID19 patients, although complications are frequent However, these findings should be considered provisional until their generalizability is assessed in their institutions and setting