Increased hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α expression precedes the development of insulin resistance in offspring of rats from severe hyperglycemic mothers.

Prenatal hyperglycaemia may increase metabolic syndrome susceptibility of the offspring. An underlying component of the development of these morbidities is hepatic gluconeogenic molecular dysfunction. We hypothesized that maternal hyperglycaemia will influence her offsprings hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression, a key regulator of glucose production in hepatocytes.We established maternal hyperglycaemia by streptozotocin injection to induce the maternal hyperglycaemic Wistar rat model. Offspring from the severe hyperglycemia group (SDO) and control group (CO) were monitored until 180 days after birth. Blood pressure, lipid metabolism indicators and insulin resistance (IR) were measured. Hepatic PGC-1α expression was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. mRNA expression of two key enzymes in gluconeogenesis, glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), were analyzed and compared.In the SDO group, PGC-1α expression at protein and mRNA levels were increased, so were expression of G-6-Pase and PEPCK (P < 0.05). The above effects were seen prior to the onset of IR.The hepatic gluconeogenic molecular dysfunction may contribute to the metabolic morbidities experienced by this population.