New refrigerant for battery electric vehicles using heat pump.

2021 
Heat pumps are becoming a common solution to improve the thermal performance of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and mitigate driving range loss in winter conditions. However, current air conditioning refrigerant R1234yf presents some limitations as a fluid in heat pump systems due to its low pressure, which limits heating ability at low temperatures. We will discuss a new refrigerant blend with a GWP of less than 1, Refrigerant "D1V", suitable for low temperature ambient conditions. The blend has a boiling point below - 40 °C and therefore potentially eliminates the need for supplementary electric heaters at low ambient conditions. D1V has significantly higher capacity over R1234yf and R134a at both heating and cooling conditions with efficiency (COP) matching that of the current solutions across the entire temperature range. We expect the blend would have a class A2L classification and a glide of 4K in direct expansion systems.
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