Practice autonomy among primary care physician assistants: the predictive abilities of selected practice attributes.

: The practice autonomy of primary care physician assistants (PAs) is of interest to those organizing, financing, and delivering health services. This study examined the predictive abilities of practice attributes with respect to multidimensional aspects of practice autonomy (clinical decision making and prescriptive authority) in primary care PAs. A sample of 225 practicing PAs was used to construct the 16-item Physician Assistant Autonomy of Practice Instrument (PAAPI), which includes three subscales, routine prescriptive authority, advanced prescriptive authority, and clinical decision making. All were used as dependent variables in multiple regression analyses. The most significant correlates of practice autonomy included years in practice as a PA, years in practice with supervising physician, annual income from practice, recognition as the exclusive primary care provider for patients, primary practice in a rural county, and primary employment setting (single-specialty group practice). More primary care PAs continue to be used in under-served rural areas and in managed care. Organizational structure of the work setting may influence these PAs' practice autonomy.