Ascitis quilosa tras colecistectomía, presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Introduction: Chylous ascites is defined as the presence of lymph fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is a rare complication after abdominal surgery; only 5 previously reported cases were found after cholecystectomy. Aim: Present a case report and a literature review. Materials and Method: Case report of a 77 year old male who underwent an elective cholecystectomy due to acute cholecystitis. Chyloperitoneum showed up 21 days after surgery. Results : We performed a percutaneous drainage and 5 L of fluid were removed in 24 hours. We started treatment with subcutaneous Octreotide and total parenteral nutrition. After 3 days drain output decreased and we started a medium-chain triglycerides diet with good progress. The outcome of 60% of the 5 previous case reports of chyloperitoneum after cholecystitis, were successful with conservative management, surgical intervention was needed in one patient and a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) was placed in another patient. Conclusion : Chylous ascites is a rare complication after surgery, there are only 5 previously case reports after cholecystectomy. Conservative management has to be the first option and in case of persistence another therapy has to be considered.