Real-time vertical/horizontal section imaging and 3D image construction using a 3-axis electromagnetic confocal microscanner

This paper presents a 3-axis electromagnetic confocal microscanner for real-time imaging of vertical/horizontal cross section (relative to tissue) of biological samples. The device incorporates a horizontal X-Y fiber raster scanning and an out-of-plane Z-axis lens actuator. The horizontal and vertical section image have a field-of-view (FOV) of 200 χ 200 μm 2 at frame rates of 5 fps and 1 fps, respectively. 3D imaging was demonstrated by stacking X-Y cross section images at different depth. Onion epidermal peel and polymer microstructures were used to demonstrate the functionality of the microscanner