Blood transfusion is associated with increased resource utilization and bacterial infection

Objective: To observe the association of blood transfusion and clinical outcome in cardiac surgery patients. Material and Methods: Forty patients underwent cardiac surgery during a period of two months in a single institution. Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) was performed in 21 (52.5%) patients, Mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 15 (37.5%) patients, aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 2 (5%) patients and Atrial septal defect (ASD) was closed in 2 (5%) patients. The mean age of the patients were 41.7±18 years, 80% were male. Results: Twenty five (62.5%) patients required blood transfusion. Transfusion group showed chest wound infection (7.5%), pulmonary oedema (12.5%) and shortness of breath (10%). Total leukocyte count and platelets count were significantly lower in transfusion group. Conclusion: We conclude that blood transfusion is associated with increased rate of infection and pulmonary oedema, with high cost and resource utilization. Blood transfusion should be used with appropriate caution. (Rawal Med J 2008;33:208-210).