Scenario for the use of Effusion–Peritoneal Shunt Necessary Against Subdural Effusion Secondary to Decompressive Craniectomy

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to summarize the surgical strategies for subdural effusion secondary to decompressive craniectomy (SESDC) and discuss the applicable scenarios of effusion–peritoneal shunt (EP shunt). Methods A total of 53 consecutive patients with SESDC were screened out of 7569 cases. The SESDC was divided into five types, and the treatment methods of each type were analyzed and compared. According to the implementation strategy of cranioplasty (CP), patients were divided into CP-first and delayed-CP groups. The differences in surgical methods were compared between the two groups. Results All patients with SESDC in this cohort had undergone cranioplasty. Subcutaneous puncture and aspiration (SPAA) proved ineffective. Only 2/30 patients in the CP-first group used EP shunt, while 6/19 patients in the delayed-CP group used EP shunt; the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). A significant difference was found in the use of EP shunt among type 1, type 2, and type 5 SESDC (χ2 = 6.778, P = 0.034). Conclusions CP combined with other treatments could cure most SESDC. EP shunt should be used preferentially in some specific scenarios in which CP cannot be performed first, rather than as a backup measure that can only be used when other preceding treatments fail.