Survival Rate and Cost-Effectiveness of Conventional and Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Restorations among Anganwadi Preschool Children in Bengaluru City: A Follow-up Study

Background: Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach helps reduce barriers to restorative care for the patients. This study was done to compare the survival rate and cost-effectiveness of conventional and ART restorations at time-intervals of 6, 12, and 18 months among anganwadi preschool children in Bengaluru city. Materials and Methods: 133 children aged 3–5 years attending anganwadi centers in Bengaluru city based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the present study. A split-mouth technique was used in which the participants received two types of carious cavity excavation techniques (conventional and ART) followed by restoration using glass ionomer cement. Comparison and evaluation were made at the end of 6 months, 12 months and 18 months intervals to check for the survival rate and cost-effectiveness. Results: The survival rates of ART when compared to conventional restorations were higher at 6 months and 12 months 97.7% and 93.07%, respectively, and at 18 months survival rate of conventional restorations were higher. The cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) of the ART restoration was lower when compared to conventional restorations. Conclusion: The carious cavities restored using ART techniques had a better survival rate at 12 months and lower CER when compared to the conventional technique.