Poly ionic liquid−polyoxometalate/graphene oxide composite as catalyst for deep desulfurization

A series of polymer ionic liquid (PIL)-based polyoxometalate (POM) salt is designed and synthesized through ion exchange method. Whereafter, supported catalysts are prepared by loading the salt onto the graphene oxide (GO) surface. The two group materials before and after loading are characterized and used as catalysts for the extraction oxidative organic sulfides in fuel oil. By contrast, the supported catalyst has better performance. Then, the response surface methodology is used to analyze the influence of reaction condition on removal thiophene and explore the optimum conditions. And the maximum sulfur removal efficiency of T, BT and DBT can achieve to 98.32, 99.98 and 99.28 %, respectively. In addition, the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused without significant decrease in activity after ten cycles.