Bupivacaine-induced slow-inward current inhibition: a voltage clamp study on frog atrial fibres

The effects of various concentrations of bupivacaine on the characteristics of the slow-inward current (isi) were studied over a ten-minute period on isolated frog atria. At a concentration of 10− 7 M, bupivacaine did not modify isi. At 10− 6 M, the maximal amplitude of the slow-inward current (i max) was depressed by 11 per cent. At 10− 5 M, i max was depressed by 24.5 per cent, the time-to-peak current value (tpeak) was increased by 13.4 per cent and the inactivation time constant (τ in) by 29.8 per cent. At 10− 4 M, i max was depressed by 32.9 per cent, tpeak increased by 30.4 per cent and τ in by 58.7 per cent. In conclusion, bupivacaine produced only moderate inhibition of the slow-inward current. The findings might explain the decline in sinus impulse formation with sinus bradycardia, and the slowing of atrio-ventricular node conduction produced by bupivacaine. However, the decrease in contractility previously reported does not seem to be due only to inhibition of the slow-inward current.