Comparison of Different Staining Techniques for Identification of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastric Biopsies

Objective: To compare the efficacy of different staining (H&E, modified Giemsa stain and Immunohistochemical stains) for detecting H pylori in gastric biopsies. Methodology: This descriptive study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Khyber Girls Medical College/ Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select study participants from December 2018 to July 2019. Total 104 gastric biopsies obtained through upper GI endoscopy were processed for identification of H pylori through various staining techniques. All the participants consented to participate in the study. The study was conducted after approval by institutional ethical committee. Results: Among total 104 cases analyzed, 63 cases were found positive for h pylori infection using H and E stain. Based on Immunohistochemical analysis 101 turned out to be infected with H pylori. The third stain used for H pylori detection was Giemsa stain which revealed the highest percentage of H pylori positivity (100%) after IHC stain. All the 104 cases analyzed were found positive on Giemsa stain. Conclusion: In daily practice modified Giemsa stain may be sufficient for diagnosis of H.pylori organism