Chapter 11. Open Science and Sharing the Research Record

Technology provides numerous ways that scientists can share their information and interact with others. The Internet in particular has driven changes in the way that scientists work, promoting better access to publications and data, and more opportunities for sharing and collaboration. In this chapter, we will discuss the various ‘open’ initiatives that facilitate Open Science. We will also look at how Open Science can facilitate both collaboration across the scientific community and public engagement with science. We will also discuss how open access to data can provide opportunities to encourage mutually beneficial collaboration between volunteers and scientists through citizen science. We will explore the barriers to Open Science and look at some of the ways these barriers can be overcome. In particular, we will take a look at the role of recognition in sharing and how different methods of providing recognition, such as altmetrics, might encourage the sharing of research data. Finally, we will take a look at digital tools in Open Science, including those for sharing data, replicating research, and communicating scientific knowledge.