Performance of candidate urinary biomarkers for pancreatic cancer - Correlation with pancreatic cyst malignant progression?

Abstract Background Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are precursors of pancreatic cancer. Potential biomarkers of IPMN progression have not been identified in urine. A few urinary biomarkers were reported to be predictive of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we seek to assess their ability to detect high-risk IPMN. Methods Urine was collected from patients undergoing pancreatic resection and healthy controls. TIMP-1(Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1), LYVE-1(Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Receptor 1), and PGEM(Prostaglandin E Metabolite) levels were determined by ELISA and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis. Results Median urinary TIMP-1 levels were significantly lower in healthy controls (n=9;0.32ng/mg creatinine) compared to PDAC (n=13;1.95) but not significantly different between low/moderate-grade (n=20;0.71) and high-grade/invasive IPMN (n=20;1.12). No significant difference in urinary LYVE-1 was detected between IPMN low/moderate (n=16;0.37ng/mg creatinine) and high/invasive grades (n=21;0.09). Urinary PGEM levels were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions Urinary TIMP-1, LYVE-1, and PGEM do not correlate with malignant potential of pancreatic cysts.