Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in a Man With β-Thalassemia: An Uncommon Cause of an Adrenal Mass

Introduction: Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) commonly occurs in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes. Rare cases of EMH in the adrenal gland have been reported. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 33-year-old man from the South of Iran suffering from major β-thalassemia, who underwent open left adrenalectomy and the histopathology revealed EMH. Conclusions: In patients in which a history of hematologic disorders exists, careful imaging and hormonal assay should be done to certify a diagnosis of EMH. However, the surgical management becomes inevitable in certain cases.