Kinetic Gait Analysis of Agility Dogs Entering the A-Frame

Objective  The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a decrease in the A-frame angle of incline on the vertical and cranio-caudal ground reaction forces observed in a homogeneous cohort of agility dogs during entrance and contact with the A-frame. Materials and Methods  A crossover study design was applied to eight large breed dogs to compare the vertical and cranio-caudal ground reaction forces entering the A-frame at three angles of incline: 40° (standard), 35° and 30°. The peak vertical force, passive impact peak, peak propulsive force, peak braking force, the time point (percentile) in the stance phase at which these events occurred and the proportion of time for limb contact spent in braking (% braking) and propulsion (% propulsion) were examined. The variables measured from three trials at each incline were evaluated for a significant effect of A-frame angle with height and velocity included as covariates. Results  The peak propulsive force and the % propulsion were significantly higher at the 40° angle of incline compared with 30° ( p  = 0.013, p  = 0.0165 respectively) and the % braking was significantly lower at the 40° angle of incline compared with 30° ( p  = 0.0165). There was no significant effect of A-frame angle on the vertical ground reaction forces measured. Clinical Significance  Compared with 30° incline, ascent up the A-frame at a 40° incline requires a higher propulsive force and extended time in propulsion to maintain forward movement and convert potential energy into forward kinetic energy.