Single Injection Results of Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteric Reflux with Different Tissue-Bulking Substances in Patients with End Stage Renal Failure

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of subureteral injections by using calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHa), dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Dx/HA), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDS) in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) who have vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Patients and Methods: One hundred-one patients (166 renal units) with ESRF secondary to VUR were included in this retrospective study. The reflux was bilateral in 65 of the cases. CaHa, Dx/HA and PDS were used in 57, 26, and 18 patients, respectively. All patients were reviewed with regard to age, sex, reflux grade, type of injected materials, injectable agent volume, and outcome. Results: The reflux resolved completely in 30 patients (50/96 renal units, 52.1%), in 17 patients (27/44 renal units, 61.4%), and in 4 patients (5/26 renal units, 19.2%) with CaHa, Dx/HA, and PDS, respectively. Regression rates of reflux to grade I with these agents in the same order were 3.1% (2 patients, 3/96 renal units), 4.5% (1 patient, 2/44 renal units), a...