Late Conversion to Sirolimus or Everolimus After Pancreas Transplant

Abstract Background Pancreas transplant is an effective treatment for insulin-dependent diabetic individuals with end-stage renal disease, yet immunosuppression-associated adverse events may adversely affect patient and graft survival. The aim of the study was to document whether mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) are safe and effective as a second-line drug after pancreas transplant. Methodology An observational single-center study was performed in a cohort of 490 simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplant and 45 pancreas-after-kidney transplant individuals after conversion to mTORi (n = 13) owing to adverse events of either tacrolimus or mycophenolate. Results mTORi conversion was performed 11.5 ± 10.1 (range, 1-28) months after pancreas transplant, mainly owing to cytomegalovirus infection and gastrointestinal intolerance. We frequently observed clinical complications after mTORi conversion, yet creatinine, eGFR, proteinuria, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and C-peptide remained stable throughout the study (mean follow-up 8.2 ± 5, range 1-17) years, as did the lipid profile (P > .05). However, graft loss occurred in almost 20% of patients owing to chronic alterations. Limitations The small number of patients and a single-center cohort were limitations of the study. Conclusions Late mTORi conversion is a safe and effective approach when tacrolimus or mycophenolate-mediated adverse events occur after pancreas transplant.