Process and Contents of Telephone Consultations Between Registered Nurses and Clients with HIV/AIDS in Japan

Antiviral therapy is essential for HIV/AIDS patients, but many variables impede patients' adherence to therapy. To facilitate adherence, trained registered nurses in Japan provided consultation by phone at the AIDS Clinical Center. This study describes the process and content of this intervention and explores the predictors for length of time of phone consultations. The study was completed over 1 month using a time study, checklist, and medical record inquiry. A total of 175 consultations were described. Mean time was 4.8 ± 3.8 min, and longer for patients with complications or comorbidity. Although the contents of conversations differed according to the phase of highly active antiretroviral therapy, major identified themes included need for medical consultation, symptom control, provision of information, and active listening. The results are useful for those trying to find ways to use telephone consultation effectively to reinforce adherence.