Design and Simulation of Microstrip Antenna for Terahertz Applications

The imperative development in the wireless technology leads to the enormous research in least discovered range of terahertz (THz) frequencies. The spectrum for newer 5G technology and earlier generations of wireless communication is positioned in millimeter/microwave regime. However, regular escalating demand of high data speed requires the devices to work on higher frequencies. The nonionizing nature, low attenuation windows, and higher penetration properties makes THz regime as the prominent candidate for future wireless communication. The THz frequencies lie between microwave and photonic region in electromagnetic spectrum. The regular increasing demand of THz technology in various applications like military, medical, spectroscopy, imaging, sensing, material characterization, and communication makes it more attentive among THz research group. Most of the application needs a means of wireless data transmission and reception, which is possible through the integration of antennas in the devices. The performance of wireless systems depends on the optimal design of the antenna. In THz regime, high path loss necessitates the designing of antenna with high-gain characteristic. In last decade, numerous THz antennas are proposed even though many challenges like suitable material selection, cost-effective design, precise fabrication, integration with existing device are still persist in this domain. The microstrip technology is a better candidate for THz antennas due to its features like easier integration, simple fabrication, low cost and light weight. Initially, this work provides a survey on recent literatures on THz antennas, challenges, fabrication techniques and measurement methods. Further, a microstrip antenna is presented for THz application. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated using electromagnetic simulation software HFSS. Finally, the chapter concludes the result of designed antenna and future research possibilities for THz antennas.