Niveles de plomo en sangre, malondialdehido y vitaminas antioxidantes en escolares.

Blood lead levels, malondialdehyde and antioxidant vitamins in schoolchildren. Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal that affects various organs and tissues. Not yet described a unique mechanism for its toxicity, but has been demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a fundamental role. The objective was to relate blood lead levels (PbS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant vitamins (A, E and C) in school children Naguanagua, Carabobo State, Venezuela. It was a descriptive and correlational study in which 147 children participated. Venous blood samples were taken to determine PbS, MDA and antioxidant vitamins. 89.8% of children had BPb levels (9.85 ± 5.31 mg / dL) statistically higher (P<0.05) than the permissible limit (<5 µg/dL), established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 49.6% of the school children lived near a garage, 34.1% of an autobody and painting workshop, 38.3% of a bus stop, 49.6% of a busy street or avenue and 39.0% said hand-mouth habit. MDA levels were significantly higher ( P<0.05) in children who had BPb levels above the allowable limit. Negative correlation (P<0.05) between vitamin C and PbS and positive correlation (P<0.05) between PbS and MDA were observed. The findings suggest that Pb may be able to produce lipid peroxidation and that vitamin C appears to act as a protector against such a process. An improvement in the dietary intake of vitamins A and E will ensure synergistic antioxidant protection from exposure to lead.