Risk factors and outcomes of pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common neonatal and pediatric cardiac indication for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Risk factors of survival and neurologic complication were different in many centers. We sought to evaluate survival and neurological outcome after ECMO in patients with CHD. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 37 patients ( 1 week and urine output <1 mL/kg/h in the first 24 h after ECMO induction by multivariable analysis. Of the 22 survivors, 15 (68%) patients had a favorable outcome (PCPC ≤2). Risk factors for unfavorable outcomes (PCPC ≥3) included ECPR as indication and CPR of longer than 40 min. CONCLUSIONS Longer ECMO duration and lower urine output were associated with increased mortality. Neurologic outcomes were not satisfactory when CPR was required for a longer period before ECMO establishment.