Results of up to 9 years of high-temperature- fixed valvular bioprostheses in a young population

Abstract Background . Bioprosthetic valve replacement in young patients remains a controversial issue due to a high rate of early calcification. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that high-temperature fixation of glutaraldehyde preserved bioprosthesis (HTF) mitigates calcification. The first clinical application of this technique was started in 1991. Methods . From January 1991 to September 1998, 50 patients in whom anticoagulants were contraindicated underwent single aortic valve replacement (n = 33) or mitral valve replacement (n = 17) using HTF bioprostheses. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 35 years (mean 22.7 ± 6.8 years). The mean New York Heart Association status was 2.4. Mean follow-up 4 years ± 1.8 for a total follow-up of 196 patient-years. Results . There were no operative deaths and but there were two late deaths, one valve related. Structural failure occured in 4 patients (2%/patient-year) requiring a reoperation in 3 patients (1.5%/patient-year). No endocarditis or thromboembolic episodes were observed. At late examination (June 2000), 46 patients (92%) were in New York Heart Association class I or II, with a well functioning valve. Conclusions . Replacement with HTF bioprostheses in young patients has demonstrated encouraging midterm results with a low incidence of structural failure