Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms (Fok1 (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), and TaqI (rs731236)) with gastric cancer among Kurdish population from west of Iran

Background The association of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and its receptor, vitamin D receptor (VDR), with cancer types have been studied. However, there are controversial findings regarding the association of specific VDR polymorphisms with different kinds of cancers. In the current study, we investigated the association of VDR polymorphisms (Fok1 (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), and TaqI (rs731236)) with the risk of gastric cancer in a Kurdish population of Kermanshah in Iran for the first time. Methods In this case-control study, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used in 99 gastric cancer patients and 100 healthy subjects as controls. Results The frequencies of f (FokI), b (BsmI), t (TaqI), and a (ApaI) alleles were: 55.6%, 27.3%, 62.1%, and 44.95% in the patient group, respectively and 42%, 29.5%, 54.5%, and 46.0% in the control group, respectively. Analysis of the results indicated that there was a positive association between the frequency of FokI genotypes with gastric cancer risk (p= 0.021). However, no statistically significant association of BsmI, Taq1, and ApaI polymorphisms of VDR was detected in gastric patients when compared with healthy individuals. Conclusion VDR-FokI polymorphism could increase the risk of GC development and predispose to the disease by mechanisms.