Review of Current Technologies and Proposed Intelligent Methodologies for Water Distributed Network Leakage Detection

Water is a precious resource that should be managed carefully. However, due to leakages in water distributed networks (WDNs), a large amount of water is lost each year that suggests the need for reliable and robust leak detection and localization system. This paper attempts to review the current technologies for leakage detection in WDN as well as several proposed intelligent methodologies (such as support vector machine, neural network, and convolution neural network) over the past few years. The current methodologies and their limitations are discussed. Uncertainties involved in the implementation of WDN leakage detection are also discussed, and several suggestions to overcome such uncertainties are provided for future implementations.