Detection methods of wastewater contaminants: state of the art and role of nanotechnology

Abstract Besides wastewater treatments for the removal of contaminants, a key point in water quality assessment is the continuous monitoring and detection of pollutants with the aim of verifying, in addition to the pureness of water, the effectiveness of such treatment methods. In this context, in this chapter, the actual more used detection methods for the detection of target pollutants are here listed, providing a general overview of the analytical techniques, also according to the actual legislation. Moreover, the particular role of nanotechnology in this field is considered, highlighting all the advantages that nanomaterials could bring, without forgetting the possible adverse effects of these materials on living organisms and environment in general.