Methods of signal processing and cosmic muon calibration for the BM@N sampling lead/scintillator hadron calorimeter

Recently developed new forward lead/scintillator sampling hadron calorimeters with transverse and longitudinal segmentation will be used in the upgraded BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment at the Nuclotron-NICA acceleration complex in JINR (Dubna). These calorimeters are very important for measurements of centrality and the reaction plane orientation in heavy-ion collisions. Digitizing the analog signals in a wide dynamic range with sampling ADC leads to the fluctuations of the measured charge. The procedure of signal processing based on the Prony least squares fit method has been developed to improve the response requiring minimum machine time. In addition, fitting the signals with a known function allows one to select effectively weak signals at the level of electronics noise, that is important for performing a calibration of calorimeter sections with cosmic muons for the BM@N experiment. The same procedure will be used for hadron calorimeter in CBM experiment at FAIR. New methods of signal processing and cosmic muon tracking for forward hadron calorimeters will be presented.