Identification of an optimal population for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with mature T and NK cell neoplasms

Background/aim The prognosis of mature T and natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms still remains dismal, despite the advancements in the understanding of the heterogeneous features of these diseases. As allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is an attractive salvage option for relapsed/refractory patients, we conducted this study to identify those who might benefit the most from alloSCT. Patients and methods This was a retrospective, single-center, longitudinal cohort study of patients who received alloSCT between December 2019 and January 2000. Results The median relapse-free survival and overall survival were 4.4 and 10.0 months, respectively. Disease control status at alloSCT and number of previous treatments were associated with survival outcomes. The conditioning intensity did not significantly alter survival. Conclusion AlloSCT offers a cure chance for selected relapsed or refractory T and NK cell neoplasms, especially when used early and the disease is well controlled prior to transplantation.