Zastosowanie technik genotypowania TaqMan® oraz tetra-primer ARMS-PCR do identyfikacji polimorfizmów punktowych zasocjowanych z genetycznymi determinantami kształtu korzenia marchwi

Over the last two decades a significant increase has been observed in the pace of development of diverse systems of molecular markers and the corresponding advanced detection platforms. Owing to their ubiquity in genomes, markers based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) promptly gained recognition within research on molecular breeding of plants. Amongst the most widely used genotyping techniques of a single nucleotide polymorphisms are the TaqMan® probes, DNA micro-arrays and the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology. Techniques based on standard polymerase chain reaction with the use of modified primers, including the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technique, have also been devised with in order to decrease the costs of genotyping. The current work identifies five SNP markers associated with genetic determinants of the shape of carrot taproot and converts them into markers detectable by the TaqMan® and tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technologies. The usefulness of the above techniques has been verified by genotyping 40 selected cultivars of Western-type carrot. The present authors have also analysed the convergence of the results obtained through the mentioned techniques and a GBS reference method. The techniques have been evaluated in terms of their usefulness for designing reliable specific markers associated with genetic determinants of the shape of the carrot root.