Percutaneous microwave ablation of 5-6 cm unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: local efficacy and long-term outcomes

AbstractObjective: This study aims to evaluate the local efficacy and long-term outcomes of microwave ablation (MWA) for treating large unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).Methods: A total of 82 patients with 5-6 cm unresectable HCCs, who underwent a single MWA procedure during the period of January 2007 to July 2011, were retrospectively enrolled into this study. Percentages of technical success and complications of MWA and HCC local recurrence (LR) after MWA were determined. In addition, prognostic factors were screened and overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were estimated.Results: One-, three- and five-year OS rates in this MWA-treated cohort were 92.7, 63.4 and 41.1%, respectively; and the corresponding RFS rates were 65.9, 31.7 and 23.0%, respectively. Primary technical efficacy was 89.0% after the first round of ablation, three (3.7%) patients developed major complications, and LR rate was 20.7%. Child-Pugh classification (p < .001), tumour location (p = .049) a...